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Hurricane Katrina's winds and storm surge reached the Mississippi coastline on the in the morning of August 29, 2005, 2005,〔 Gary Tuchman, Transcript of "Anderson Cooper 360 Degrees" (2006-08-29) 19:00 ET, ''CNN'', CNN.com, web: (CNN-ACooper082906 ): GARY TUCHMAN, CNN Correspondent: Responds to Anderson Cooper that it felt like it would never end, saying winds were at least 100 miles per hour in Gulfport for seven hours, between about 7:00 a.m. and 2:00 p.m. For another five or six hours, on each side of that, they () had hurricane-force winds over 75 miles per hour; much of the city (Mississippi, in Harrison County ) of 71,000 was then under water. 〕〔 US Department of Commerce, "Service Assessment: Hurricane Katrina August 23–31, 2005" (June 2006), pp. 10/16, NOAA’s National Weather Service, Silver Spring, MD, web: (NWS-Katrina-PDF ): page 7 (storm surge 26-28 ft), p. 50: "Appendix C: Tornado Reports Associated with Hurricane Katrina" (62 tornadoes). 〕 beginning a two-day path of destruction through central Mississippi; by 10 a.m. CDT on August 29, 2005, the eye of Katrina began travelling up the entire state, only slowing from hurricane-force winds at Meridian near 7 p.m. and entering Tennessee as a tropical storm.〔 "(Tropical Cyclone Report, Hurricane Katrina )." (post-analysis) ''National Hurricane Center.'' revised August 10, 2006. 〕 Many coastal towns of Mississippi (and Louisiana) had already been obliterated, in a single night.〔 In Mississippi, towns near the eye-path at night included: Pearlington, Lakeshore, Clermont Harbor, Waveland, Bay St. Louis, Pass Christian, and Long Beach, MS; in Louisiana, the towns included Buras, Triumph, Meraux, and Chalmette, Louisiana. 〕 Hurricane-force winds reached coastal Mississippi by 2 a.m.〔 and lasted over 17 hours, spawning 11 tornadoes (51 in other states〔) and a 28-foot (9 m) storm surge〔 flooding 6–12 miles (10–19 km) inland. Many, unable to evacuate,〔 As flood waters rose, many streets became swamped and impassable. Emergency crews rescued over 100 people, from rooftops or trees, in Mississippi. 〕 survived by climbing to attics or rooftops, or swimming to higher buildings and trees. The worst property damage from Katrina occurred in coastal Mississippi, where all towns flooded over 90% in hours, and waves destroyed many historic buildings, with others gutted to the 3rd story. Afterward, 238 people died in Mississippi, and all counties in Mississippi were declared disaster areas, 49 for full federal assistance.〔 "FEMA-1604-DR Mississippi Disaster Declaration as of 10/27/2005" (map), FEMA, ITS Mapping and Analysis Center, Washington, DC, 2005-10-27, webpage: (FEMA-1604-pdf ). 〕〔 "Information Relating to the Federal Appropriations for Katrina Recovery" (January 6, 2006), ''Office of the Governor'', Mississippi, webpage: "Mississippi Governor Haley Barbour" ( -->2006/jan/information.html GBarbour-Rec ). 〕 Regulations were changed later for emergency centers and casinos. The emergency command centers were moved higher because all 3 coastal centers flooded at 30 ft (9 m) above sea level. Casinos were allowed on land rather than limited to floating casino barges as in 2005. More than one million people in Mississippi were affected, and almost 6 months later, the extent of the devastation in Mississippi was still described as "staggering" in ''USA Today'' on February 16, 2006:〔 "SIX MONTHS AFTER KATRINA: AN OVERVIEW" (short summary), Office of the House Democratic Leader Nancy Pelosi, February 28, 2006, file: ( -->katrinasix.doc HouseGov-Katrina6 ). 〕 "The Mississippi Gulf Coast has been devastated. The extent of the devastation in Mississippi is also staggering. Since Katrina hit, more than half a million people in Mississippi have applied for assistance from FEMA. In a state of just 2.9 million residents, that means more than one in six Mississippians have sought help. ==Scattered damage== ''General:'' The effects of a hurricane can be scattered across a large area, because hurricanes are large complex storms which spawn smaller thunderstorms, tornadoes, storm surges, and sea waves. Wind speeds east of the eye can be 40-50 mph (64–80 km/h) higher than winds west of the eye. Wind gusts can be scattered, so boats or debris can ram one house but not another. One building can seem untouched, while others nearby are flattened; also trees can be partly weakened: tree limbs can fall months later, crashing onto a roof, automobile, fence, etc. ''Specific:'' Because Hurricane Katrina became a massive storm,〔 "(Tropical Cyclone Report, Hurricane Katrina )." (post-analysis), ''National Hurricane Center.'' revised August 10, 2006. 〕〔 Rob Marciano (CNN Meteorologist), Transcript of "Anderson Cooper 360 Degrees" (2006-08-29) 19:00 ET, ''CNN'', CNN.com web: (CNN-ACooper082906 ): "ROB MARCIANO, CNN Meteorologist: Responds to Anderson Cooper that the governor preferred that folks did not go out on the streets because the "streets are literally littered with kitchen appliances." 〕 over 450 miles (720 km) wide, not only the eyewall-path, and 28-foot (9 m) storm surge, but also the outer bands of the hurricane arms caused scattered damage hundreds of miles away from the center. Eleven (11) spawned tornadoes were recorded in Mississippi (51 elsewhere).〔 It is possible that scattered damage to northern Mississippi occurred, by spin-off storms, around the time Katrina made landfall in eastern Greater New Orleans (Louisiana's "boot toe") and then, again, near Bay St. Louis, Mississippi, heading north-northeast into central Mississippi, at 10 a.m. on August 29.〔 Note that "landfall" occurred over towns submerged under 20 feet (6 m) of water. As buildings collapsed, water-tight appliances floated, sending refrigerators and dishwashers to ram other buildings and block streets.〔 Millions of homes and buildings were affected, along with ships, boats, and more than 40 offshore oil rigs. Roadways and railways were put out of service by excessive amounts of debris and occasional collapse (most notably the I-10 Twin Span Bridge). Costs of debris removal in the Gulf Coast region is estimated at $200 million. Until major roadways (US 49, US 59) could be cleared, deliverers of supplies and other emergency relief were forced to detour through highway 609 or highway 43/603, though these routes were not officially posted. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Effects of Hurricane Katrina in Mississippi」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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